What are Varicose Veins?

Varicose veins are large swollen veins that bulge under the skin and are typically blue or green in color. An abnormal valve or a weakened vessel wall causes the bulging. In a normally functioning vein, the valve prevents blood flowing in the wrong direction back towards the foot. In a varicose vein, the valve is damaged and does not close properly. This allows blood to escape backwards when muscles relax. The result is increased pressure in the vein causing it to become swollen with excess blood. Varicose veins can occur anywhere on the leg.

Superficial Vein System 
The Great Saphenous Vein (GSV) and the Small Saphenous Vein (SSV) are the two major veins of the superficial vein system in the legs. The (GSV) is the longest superficial vein which extends from the groin to the foot. The SSV runs from the back of the calf to the lateral ankle. Many superficial veins branch off of both the GSV and the SSV.

If you have a varicose vein, there is a strong probability that it is the result of one of the many valves failing in the GSV/SSV. In a GSV/SSV that functions normally, the valves will close to prevent backflow. When one of the valves functions abnormally in the GSV/SSV, it often causes the GSV/SSV to gradually become larger in diameter. When this happens, the increased pressure causes one of the branching superficial veins that are closer to the surface of the skin to develop into a varicose vein.

 Reference information: www.veinexperts.org/veins/varicose-veins.asp
It is not intended as medical advice to any specific person. If you have any need for personal advice or have any questions regarding your health, please consult your doctor for diagnosis and treatment.